centos7 下通过nginx+uwsgi部署django应用

1. 安装python3.6

提前安装好系统依赖包：
   centos: 
    yum install openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel gcc gcc-c++  openssl-devel libffi-devel python-devel mariadb-devel
ubuntu:
   sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev libbz2-dev libssl-dev libncurses5-dev libmysqlclient-dev libsqlite3-dev libreadline-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libdb-dev libpcap-dev xz-utils libexpat1-dev liblzma-dev libffi-dev libc6-dev
   
1. 获取

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.2/Python-3.6.2.tgz
tar -xzvf Python-3.6.2.tgz -C  /tmp
cd  /tmp/Python-3.6.2/

2. 把Python3.6安装到 /usr/local 目录
 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make altinstall

3. 更改/usr/bin/python链接

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3

2. maridb

1. 安装
    
    sudo yum install mariadb-server
2. 启动， 重启
    
    sudo systemctl start mariadb
    sudo systemctl restart mariadb

3. 设置bind-ip
    
    vim /etc/my.cnf
    在 [mysqld]:
        下面加一行
        bind-address = 0.0.0.0
    
4. 设置外部ip可以访问

    先进入mysql才能运行下面命令:
        mysql 直接进入就行
        
    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' WITH GRANT OPTION;
    
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES
    
5. 设置阿里云的对外端口
    
   视频中有讲解这部分

6. 安装mysqlclient出问题

    centos 7：
        yum install python-devel mariadb-devel -y
        
    ubuntu：
        sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
        
    然后：
        pip install mysqlclient

3. 安装nginx

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-nginx-on-centos-7

4. 安装virtualenvwrapper

yum install python-setuptools python-devel
pip install virtualenvwrapper

编辑.bashrc文件

export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

重新加载.bashrc文件
source  ~/.bashrc

新建虚拟环境
mkvirtualenv mxonline

进入虚拟环境 
workon mxonline

安装pip包

我们可以通过 pip freeze > requirements.txt 将本地的虚拟环境安装包相信信息导出来

然后将requirements.txt文件上传到服务器之后运行：

pip install -r requirements.txt
安装依赖包

5. 安装uwsgi

pip install uwsgi

6. 测试uwsgi

uwsgi --http :8000 --module MxOnline.wsgi

7. 配置nginx

新建uc_nginx.conf


# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
# server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
server 127.0.0.1:8000; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
# configuration of the server

server {
# the port your site will be served on
listen      80;
# the domain name it will serve for
server_name 你的ip地址 ; # substitute your machine's IP address or FQDN
charset     utf-8;

# max upload size
client_max_body_size 75M;   # adjust to taste

# Django media
location /media  {
    alias 你的目录/Mxonline/media;  # 指向django的media目录
}

location /static {
    alias 你的目录/Mxonline/static; # 指向django的static目录
}

# Finally, send all non-media requests to the Django server.
location / {
    uwsgi_pass  django;
    include     uwsgi_params; # the uwsgi_params file you installed
}
}

8. 将该配置文件加入到nginx的启动配置文件中

sudo ln -s 你的目录/Mxonline/conf/nginx/uc_nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/

8. 拉取所有需要的static file 到同一个目录

在django的setting文件中，添加下面一行内容：

    STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
运行命令
    python manage.py collectstatic

9. 运行nginx

sudo /usr/sbin/nginx

这里需要注意一定是直接用nginx命令启动，不要用systemctl启动nginx不然会有权限问题

10. 通过配置文件启动uwsgi

新建uwsgi.ini 配置文件， 内容如下：
    
    # mysite_uwsgi.ini file
    [uwsgi]
    
    # Django-related settings
    # the base directory (full path)
    chdir           = /home/bobby/Projects/MxOnline
    # Django's wsgi file
    module          = MxOnline.wsgi
    # the virtualenv (full path)
    
    # process-related settings
    # master
    master          = true
    # maximum number of worker processes
    processes       = 10
    # the socket (use the full path to be safe
    socket          = 127.0.0.1:8000
    # ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
    # chmod-socket    = 664
    # clear environment on exit
    vacuum          = true
    virtualenv = /home/bobby/.virtualenvs/mxonline
    
    logto = /tmp/mylog.log

注：
    chdir： 表示需要操作的目录，也就是项目的目录
    module： wsgi文件的路径
    processes： 进程数
    virtualenv：虚拟环境的目录
        

workon mxonline
uwsgi -i 你的目录/Mxonline/conf/uwsgi.ini &

访问

http://你的ip地址/